Oil burner



at. 224g. 192.4. 1,513 461 L. E. JOHNSON OIL BURNER Filed March 27 19232 Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 28 1924.

' L. E. JOHNSON OIL BURNER Filed March 27 19 -3 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2

1. =16 I 1 j l 4 Inventor: IawrenwEJbhnson, 22y

Jiily.

Patented Oct.-28. 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

LAWRENCE E JOHNSON, OF MELROSE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR ".I.O- Ed ONOHEATER. CQ., INQ, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF KASSAC HU-SET'I'S.

OIL BURNER.

Application flled'llarch 27, 1928. 1 Serial No. 627,982..

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LAWRENCE E. JOHN-.

SON, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident ofMelrose, in'the county Ii of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts,

have invented certain new and useful Im-- v or removing the base portionof the device or the connections thereto.

The invention consists of a base portion provided with a centralvertical fuel inlet and an air inlet radiating therefrom, said air inletcommunicating with an annular space surrounding the fuel nozzle, Theinvention further consists in a baffle plate above the fuel nozzleadapted to divert the mixture of oil and air toward the cylindrical wallof the combustion chamber.

The invention further consists in a conesha ed member disposed in theupper part of tlhe combustion chamber and provided at its upper end witha down-turned flange adapted to divert the mixture downwardly into thebottom of the combustion chamber.

The invention further consists in certain novel features of constructionand arrangement of parts which will be understood readily by referenceto the description of the drawings and to the claims to be hereinaftergiven. 4

For the purpose of illustrating the invention, one referred form thereofis shown in the drawmgs, this form having been found to givesatisfactory and i.- reliable results.-

although it is to be understood that the various instrumentalities'ofwhich the invention consists can be variously arranged and organized,and that the invention is not lim ited to the recise arrangement andorganization of the instrumentalities as herein shown and described,exceptas required by the scope of the appended claims.

Of the drawings:

Figure 1 represents a plan of an oil burner embodying the principles ofthe present invention,

Figure 2'represents a vertical section of same on line 2, 2 on Figure1..

Figure 3 represents a plan of a modified form of the combustion chamber,

Figure 4 represents a vertical section of same on line 4, 4 on Fig. 3,and I Figure 5 represents an elevation of thebase of the device with,the combustion chamber removed and said base covered.

Similar; characters indicate like arts throughout the several 'figuresof the raw- Til the drawin s, 10 is a base supported by the legs 11. enin use the base is supported on the grate of the firepot of afurnace, orother heating device. This base is provided with an u wardly extendincentral boss 12 surrounded by an upwar y extending flange 13, separatedfrom said boss 12 to form an'air space 14 open at the top.

This air space 14: has a lateral passage 15 extending therefrom,communicating with an air supply pipe 16, through which air is adaptedto be forced under pressure to the burner in any well known manner.

The upper end of the boss 12 is provided with a cone-shaped depression17, into which extends the downwardly extending coneshaped flange 18,snrroundingvan opening 19 in a cover plate 20 secured to the upper faceof the base 10 by means of bolts 21.

The boss 12 has a passage 22 extending therethrough, the lower end ofwhich communicates with a pipe 23 leading to the oil su ply.

The uper end of the passage 22 has mountedt erein the nozzle 24, havinga dis charge orifice 25 in the extreme upper end thereof. This dischargeorifice 25 is centrally located in the lower end of the coneshapedopening 19 in the cover plate 20.

The base 10 is' provided wit an annular Gil moved from thebase andreplaced by means of a cover 28, as "shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 andfull lines in Fig. 5.

Secured by means of a bale 29 to the upper end of the wall of thecombustion chamber 27 is a gas supply pipe 30, provided with a nozzle 31in the upper end thereof, said cated in Fig. 2 of the drawings, and theupper end thereof'is provided with an outwardly and downwardly curvedflange 35; and screwed to, or otherwise secured to the bottom of thebafiie member 34 is a cylindrical plate 36 having a downwardly extendingprojection 37. in the form of a truncated cone. 0

This baflie plate 36, 37 is preferably formed of steel or some metalwhich is capable of withstanding a most intense heat.

The center of said baffie plate 36, 37 is in axial al-inement with thevertical nozzle 24 through which oil is admitted to the combustionchamber.

From the cone-shaped depression 17 extends a downwardly inclined pipe38, said pipe extending across the air space 14 through the flange 13and terminating in the space 39 between the flange 13. and the outerwall of the base 10.

In operating the burner, illuminating gas is admitted to the pipe 30;and said gas is ignited as it passes from the nozzle 31, thereby forminga pilot flame directed toward the outer wall of the cone-shaped baillememmr 34L. 7

Air is then admitted to the supply pipe 16 and oil is admitted to thepipe 23. The air passing through the pipe 16 is under pressure and theonly manner in which it may escape is' through the restricted passagebetween the cone-shaped flange 18 and the wallet the cone-shapeddepression 17.

As the air passes downwardly into the bottom of the-depression 17surrounding the nozzle '24, it will be forced upwardly into the'opening19, in which opening it will be ,niixed with the oil being dischargedthrough the orifice 25.

As-the mixture of oil and air is forced upwardly through said opening19, it will become ignited by the flame being projected by the nozzle31. Then the mixture of fuel has been ignited, the flames circulatingupwardly from the openin 19 in the cover plate 20, will be'projecteagainst the battle plate 36, 37 and diverted outwardly in va horizontaldirection against the inner walls of the combustion chamber 27;

The flames which are not projected against the baffle plate 36, 37 willbe projected a ainst the inclined wall of the coneshaped bafile member34, and follow along this surface upwardly until'they come into chamber27, all of the particles of the miX- ture will be caused to move inintersecting paths withinthe combustion chamber, thereby causing anintense blue flame within said combustion chamber.

The bafile members 34:, 36, and 37 will become intensely heated and agreat heat will arise from the combustion chamber, suiticient to fillthe firepot of any furnace in which the device may be located.

Should it become necessary at any time to discontinue temporarily theuse of oil or other hydro-carbon fuel for heating purposes, the gas pipe30 may be displaced from the wall of the combustion chamber 27, and th schamber 27, with the hams members 34, 36, and 37, can be then removedfrom the firepot and the cover 28 superimposed upon the base 10, so thatwithout displacing the base 10 and the oil and air pipes, a coal firemay be built directly upon top of said cover 28 and around thebase l0.

lit may be possible that before the proper degree of heat is attained, aportion of the fuel may collect in the bottom of the depres- T sion 17,around the nozzle 24, and in such an event this fuel is permitted topass down the inclined pipe 38 into the space 39, from which it isadapted to pass throughthe ere haust' pipe 40.

in some cases, and under some conditions. it is preferable to have theheat from the fiameswithin the combustion chamber pass therefromradially rather than upwardly.

as would be the case in the device shown in F125. 1 and 2. Where this isdesired, the

cylindrical combustion chamber is made as shown in Figs. 3 and 4: of thedrawings, the upper portions thereof being cut away at 41,

leaving upwardly extending supports 42 for the outer ends of the legs33;

In this modified form of structure, the flange 35 at the upper end orthe halide member 34- is made of greater diametr and greater degree ofcurvature, as own in you striking the surface the baflie member '34 willbe forced downwardly into the interior of the lower part of thecombustion cham her, and in so doing, said flames will intersect theintensely heated roducts of combustion passing outward y beneath saidflange and through the openings 41.

In order to obtain the best results, the air from pi e 16 must enter theair space 14 surroun ing the centralboss 12, and then pass through therestricted passage beneath the cone-shaped flan e 18 until it enters theopening 19 and 'is orced upwardly therethrough in a vertical planeagainst the horizontal baflle, plate 36, 37, and the orifice 25 in theoil nozzle 24 must be located above the bottom offlange 18 so that theinrush of air entering the opening 19 will break up the oil dischargedfrom said orifice 25 into vapor for combustion.

This makes a very simple form of combustion chamber which is capable ofproducing 'an intense heat from hydro-carbon fuel.

It is believed that the operation and many advantages of tlie inventionwill be understood readily withoutiurther description.

Having thus described myinvention, I claim:

1. In a fuel oil' burning device, thecombination of a base provided withan annular air space surroundin a cylindrical boss having a cone-shapeddepression in its upper end; a cover plate secured to said'base andprovided with an openin surrounded by a cone-shaped flange exteu ininto'said depression; an oil nozzle in said epression; an oil supplypipe communicatin therewith; means for supplying air to said 'annularair space; a cylinder superimposed upon said base; and means positionedin the upper end thereof for diverting the mixture 3f oil and air towardthe wall of said cylin- 2. In a fuel oil burnin device, the combinationof a base provide with an air spacesurroundin cone-shape depression inits upper en cover plate secured to said base and provided with anopening therethrough surrounded by acone-shaped flange extending intosaid depression; an oil nozzle in said depression; an oil supply pipecommunicat; ing therewith; means for supplying air to said annularairspace; a cylinder superimposed upon said base; and a de ending cone.shaped member positioned in t e upper end thereof-fordivertinlg themixture of oil and air toward thewal of said cylinder.

v 3. In a fuel oil burning device, thecombination of a base providedwith an annular air space surroun a cylindrical boss having acone-shaped epress1onin,its upper end; a cover plate secured to saidbase and provided with an g---' therethrough sura cylindrical bosshaving a rounded by a cone-shaped flange extending into said depression;an oil nozzle in sai depression; an oil' supply pipe communicatingtherewith; means for supplying air to 'said annular air space; acylinder superlmposed upon said base; and a depending coneshaped memberpositioned in the upper end thereof provided with a downturned flange atits upper end for diverting the mixture of oil and air toward the wallof said cylinder.

4. In a fuel oil burning device, the combination of a base provided withan annular air space surrounding a cylindrical boss having a cone-shapeddepression in its upper end; a cover plate secured to said base andprovided with an opening therethrough surrounded by a cone-shaped flangeextending into said depression; an oil nozzle in said depression; an oilsupply pipe communicat ing therewith; means for supplying air to saidannular air space; a cylinder superimposed uponsaid base; meanspositioned inthe upper end thereof for diverting the mixture of ,oil andair toward the wall of said cylinder; and a flanged member secured tothe bottom of said diverting 'means' and provided with a cone-shapedprojection above the oil inlet nozzle.

5. In a fuel oil burning device, the combination of a base provided witha central upwardly extending boss having a coneshaped depression in itsupper end and an annular upwardly extending flan surround- "ing saidboss and separated t erefrom to form an air space; a cover secured tosaid flange and having 'an opening surrounded by a cone-shaped flangedepending into said depression; a nozzle disposed in said boss with itsdischarge outlet positioned in the center of opening in said cover;means for admitting air to said air space; an 'oil supply pipecommunicating with said nozzle; a-cylindri-.

cal combustion chamber superimposed on said base; and baflle members inthe upper end thereof. I

6. In a fuel oil burning device, the com bination of a base providedwith a central upwardly extending boss having a coneshaped depression inits upperend and an annular upwardly extending flange surrounding saidboss and separated therefrom to form an air space; a cover secured tosaidfiange and having an 0 ening surrounded by a cone-shaped flangespending into said depression; a nozzle disposed in said boss with itsdischarge outlet positioned in the center of the opening in said cover;means for admitting air to said air space; an oil supply pipecommunicati with said nozzle; a cylindrical combustion chambersuperimposed on said base;.bafie members in the u per end thereof; adrain pipe extending m ,saidi, depression across said air space andthrough said annular flange; and

a pipe extending downwardly from the bottom of said base and adapted todrain the oil from the interior of said base.

7. In a fuel oil burning device, the combination of a base provided withan annular air space surrounding a cylindrical boss having a cone-shapeddepression in its upper end; a cover plate secured to said base andprovided with an opening there-- through surrounded by a cone-shapedflange extending into said depression; an oil nozzle in said depression;an oil sup ly pipe communicating therewith; means or Supplying air tosaid annular air space; a cylinder superimposed upon said base;'and adepending cone-shaped .member positioned in the upper end thereof bymeans of radiating arms, the ends of which rest in depressions in thewall of said cylinder, said coneshaped member being adapted to divertthe mixture of oil and air toward the wall of said cylinder.

8.- In a fuel oil burning device, a combustion chamber; means foradmitting air to the center'thereof through a central open ing; an oildischarge nozzle centrally positioned in'said opening; and acylindrical,

plate within said chamber and alined with said nozzle, said plate havinga depending portion in the form of a truncated cone with a broad flatlower face.

9. In a fuel oil burning device, a combustion chamber; means .foradmitting air to the center thereof through a central coneshaped openingflaring outwardly from its lower end; an oil dischargenozzle centrallypositioned in said opening; and a cylindrical plate within said chamberand alined with said nozzle, said plate having a depend.- ing portion inthe form of a truncated cone with a broad flat lower face.

10. In a fuel oil burning device, a combustion chamber; a membercentrally positioned in the bottom thereof having a coneshaped openingtherethrough flaring outwardly from the bottom thereof and forming amixing chamber; an oil nozzle cen trally positioned in said opening; andmeans positioned above said opening for diverting the flame laterallyagainstthe inner wall of said combustion chamber.

11. In a fuel oil burning device, a combustion chamber; a membercentrally positioned in the bottom thereof having a coneshaped openingtherethrough flaring outwardly from the bottom thereof and form.-

ing a mixing chamber; an oil nozzle having its outlet centrally disposedin said opening Leas es].

near the bottom thereof;.and means positioned above said opening fordiverting portions of the flame upwardly and outwardly and thendownwardly against the inner wall of said combustion chamber.

12. In a fuel oil burning device, a combustion chamber; a fuel mixingchamber centrally positioned in the bottom thereof; a cone-shapeddepending member in the upper part of said combustion chamber having aflat bottom and an outwardly and downwardly curved flange at its upperend; and a cylindrical plate secured to the lower end of said dependingmember provided with a depending portion in the form of a truncatedcone.

13. In a fuel oil burning device, a combustion chamber; a fuel mixingchamber centrally positioned, in the bottom thereof; means positionedabove said mixing chamber for diverting portions of the flame upwardlyand outwardly and then downwardly against the inner wall of thecombustion chamber; and means for diverting another portion of the flamehorizontally to intersect the first mentioned portions.

14'. In a fuel oil burning device, a combustion chamber; a fuel mixingchamber centrally positioned in the bottom thereof having a wallextending upwardly and outwardly from the bottom thereof; an oildischarge nozzle centrally positioned in the bottom of said mixingchamber; and a depending cone-shaped member above said mixing chamberwith its wall substantially parallel with the wall of said mixingchamber.

15. In a fuel oil burning device, a combustion chamber; a fuel mixingchamber centrally positioned in the bottom thereof with its wall flaringupwardly and outwardly; a depending cone-shaped member in saidcombustion chamber above said mixin chamber; a horizontal baffle platesecure to the lower end of said member; and an oil nozzle centrallypositioned in the lower end of said mixing chamber whereby a mixture ofoil and air will be projected against said horizontal baffle plate andthereby deflected outwardly toward the inner wall of said combus'tionchamber.

Signed by me at 746 Old South Bldg,

Boston, Mass, this 23d day of March, 1923.

LA'ENCE 5n. JoHNsoN.

lllitnesses:

Warren E. LOMBARD, NATHAN C. LoMnAnn.

till

